Processes of Vegetation Change
| Autor principal: | |
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| Autor Corporativo: | |
| Formato: | eBook |
| Lenguaje: | English |
| Publicado: |
Dordrecht :
Springer Netherlands : Imprint: Springer,
1990.
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| Edición: | 1st ed. 1990. |
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3058-5 |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- 1 The nature of vegetation and kinds of vegetation change
- Kinds of organisms comprising the vegetation
- Plant populations
- Properties of vegetation
- Vegetation classification and terminology
- The vegetation continuum
- Why study vegetation change?
- Observing vegetation change
- Styles of vegetation change
- 2 Plants and their abiotic environment
- The environmental complex
- Plant variables
- Productivity
- The role of physical and chemical variables
- Master factors
- Factor gradients
- Stress
- Disturbance
- Plants in their environment
- Changes in environments
- 3 Plants and their biotic environment
- Regeneration and plant populations
- Ecophysiological amplitude
- Differences between plant species
- Plant-neighbour relationships
- Plant senescence
- Ecological niches
- Conclusions
- 4 Vegetation development on volcanic ejecta
- Surtsey, Iceland
- Krakatau, Indonesia
- Mount Tarawera, New Zealand
- Mauna Loa and Kilauea, Hawaii, USA
- Some conclusions
- 5 Vegetation development on sand dunes
- The Indiana dunes, Lake Michigan, USA
- The Manawatu dunes, New Zealand
- Some Australian dunes
- Some conclusions
- 6 Vegetation development on glacial deposits
- Glacier Bay, Alaska, USA
- Glacier moraines in other localities in North America
- Direct colonization of moraines by trees
- Franz Josef Glacier, New Zealand
- Suggestions about causes of the vegetation changes
- Some conclusions
- 7 Influences of strong environmental pressures
- Deserts of the warm temperate to subtropic zones
- Grasslands and drought
- Rock outcrops
- Temperate alpine regions
- Subpolar regions — the Arctic tundra
- Protected coasts and estuaries subject to tidal influences
- Other extreme soil conditions
- Grazing
- Fire
- Disturbances in confined areas
- Some conclusions
- 8 Patterns of vegetation change in wetlands
- Lakes
- Mires
- Water conditions
- Peat mire stratigraphy
- Some British and Scandinavian mires
- Mires in the southern Great Lakes region, North America
- Stratigraphic studies of British mires
- Indications of interruptions of mire sequential development
- ‘Phasic regeneration cycles’ in bogs
- Vegetation change processes in wetlands
- Some conclusions
- 9 Changes in some temperate forests after disturbance
- The mixed forests of eastern North America
- The different scales of disturbance
- Sprouts and regeneration
- Revegetation of abandoned farmland
- Actual records of population changes
- The development of old-growth forest stands
- Some conclusions
- 10 Changes in some tropical forests
- Forest structure and diversity
- Forest species structure
- Maintenance of the diversity of tree species in the vegetation
- Diversity, communities and mature forest
- 11 Processes of vegetation change
- Colonization of unvegetated areas
- Population changes of woody species on abandoned fields
- Sequences in other localities
- The causes of continued changes in woody plant populations
- Physiological ecology of juveniles
- Niches
- Maintenance of mature forest
- Influences of other biota
- Some community properties
- Some conclusions
- 12 Community phenomena in vegetation change
- Older theory on succession to climax
- The orthodox succession to climax theory
- Holism and determinism in succession theory
- Reductionism versus determinism
- Ecosystem nutrient budgets
- Plant community and climax concepts
- Predictability and convergence in succession
- Problems with the climax concept
- The kinetic concept
- Individual plant lifestyles (‘strategies’)
- Causes for sequential replacements
- Community stability
- Mathematical and modelling approaches to community development
- Fluctuations and cycles
- Problems with the succession concept
- 13 On the theory of vegetation change
- Important recent vegetation change literature
- Holism versus reductionism
- Problems with ideas on ‘succession to climax’
- Problems with ideas on stability and ‘climax’
- ‘Kinetic’ ideas on vegetation dynamics
- Formulating a theory of vegetation change: the essential problems
- A theory of vegetation change
- New theory in relation to orthodox theory
- Requirements for further research
- The past, present and future of natural vegetation and human relationships with it
- References.