Principles of Ecology
| Autor Corporativo: | |
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| Otros Autores: | |
| Formato: | eBook |
| Lenguaje: | English |
| Publicado: |
Dordrecht :
Springer Netherlands : Imprint: Springer,
1984.
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| Edición: | 1st ed. 1984. |
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6948-6 |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- 1: The Organism and its Environment
- 1.1 The organism and its abiotic environment: limits to tolerance
- 1.2 Interactions between environmental variables
- 1.3 Macro-environment and micro-environment
- 1.4 Adjustment of tolerance limits
- 1.5 Homeostasis: avoidance of the problem
- 1.6 Behavioural mechanisms for homeostasis
- 1.7 Adaptive suites
- 1.8 Organism and abiota: a two-way interaction
- 2: The Ecological Community
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Communities and ecosystems
- 2.3 Biotic relationships
- 2.4 The organism in the community
- 2.5 The community level of organisation
- 2.6 Tropho-dynamic analyses
- 2.7 Community structure
- 2.8 Analyses of food web design
- 2.9 Subcompartments in community structure
- 2.10 Common denominators of community design
- 2.11 Species-abundance relationships
- 2.12 Species associations
- 2.13 Niche relationships and design rules
- 2.14 The structure of particular communities
- 2.15 Community flux
- 3: Community Dynamics
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 The community as a system of energy transformations
- 3.3 Energy relationships of individuals
- 3.4 Energy relationships in the community
- 3.5 Energy flow within the community: the tropho-dynamic approach
- 3.6 Limitations of energy analysis
- 3.7 The flow of nutrients within communities
- 3.8 The importance of the decomposers
- 4: Temporal Change in Community Structure and Function
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Short-term cycles in community structure
- 4.3 Shifts in community structure: colonisation and extinction
- 4.4 Succession
- 4.5 Characteristics of succession
- 4.6 The mechanics of succession
- 4.7 What stops the successional process?
- 4.8 Climax communities
- 4.9 Succession as a necessary mathematical consequence
- 5: The Concept of the Niche
- 5.1 Introduction and definition of niche
- 5.2 Parameters of the niche
- 5.3 Factors affecting the niche and its parameters
- 5.4 Niche separation
- 5.5 Niche overlap
- 5.6 Measures of niche width, separation and overlap
- 5.7 Niche relationships and community structure
- 5.8 Parallel niches
- 6: Interspecific Competition and Community Structure
- 6.1 Introduction and definitions of competition
- 6.2 Interspecific competition
- 6.3 The mechanics of competition
- 6.4 Niche overlap and competition
- 6.5 The effects of interspecific competition within the community: exclusion and coexistence
- 6.6 Diffuse competition and indirect competitive effects
- 6.7 Competition as a selection pressure promoting change
- 6.8 Niche shifts and evolutionary change due to competition
- 6.9 Interspecific competition in natural systems
- 7: Population Structure and Analysis
- 7.1 What is population ecology?
- 7.2 Theoretical population growth
- 7.3 The analytic (life table) approach
- 7.4 Simulation of population events
- 7.5 Towards a general population theory
- 8: Competition and Population Stability
- 8.1 Introduction: inter and intra-specific competition and population stability
- 8.2 Regulation in vertebrate populations
- 8.3 Population cycles in vertebrates
- 8.4 Population cycles in invertebrates
- 9: Predators, Parasitoids and Population Stability
- 9.1 Why study predators and parasitoids?
- 9.2 Analytical models and the components of prédation
- 9.3 Predator development and accumulation
- 9.4 A theoretical basis for biological control
- 9.5 Polyphagous predators and analytical models
- 9.6 Field studies of the role of polyphagous predators
- 9.7 The effects of prédation on prey productivity and community structure
- 10: Evolution and Adaptation
- 10.1 Evolution and ecology
- 10.2 Adaptation
- 10.3 Bionomic strategies
- 10.4 Implications of r- and K-selection
- 10.5 Adaptiveness of foraging strategy
- 10.6 Optimal foraging
- 10.7 Reproductive strategy
- 10.8 Adaptiveness of social group
- 10.9 Optimality and evolutionarily stable strategies
- 10.10 The evolution of stable strategies
- 11: Coevolution
- 11.1 Insect-plant interactions
- 11.2 Larger herbivores
- 11.3 Interaction of plant-herbivore populations
- 11.4 Coevolution to mutualism
- 11.5 Coadapted systems
- 12: Species Diversity
- 12.1 Diversity as a descriptor of ecological communities
- 12.2 Measures of diversity
- 12.3 Resolution of chaos in diversity indices
- 12.4 The S component of diversity: why are there so many kinds of organisms?
- 12.5 Colonisation, extinction and island biogeography
- 12.6 Saturation point
- 12.7 Equitability
- 12.8 Factors promoting species diversity
- 12.9 Theories of diversity
- 13: Stability
- 13.1 Definitions
- 13.2 Stability of single species populations
- 13.3 Stability of two or three species systems
- 13.4 Community stability
- 13.5 Diversity and stability
- 13.6 May’s Paradox
- 13.7 Stability and food web design
- 13.8 The energetics of stable systems
- 13.9 Causes for stability
- References
- Acknowledgements.