Metabolism and Functions of Bioactive Ether Lipids in the Brain
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Corporate Author: | |
| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York, NY :
Springer New York : Imprint: Springer,
2008.
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| Edition: | 1st ed. 2008. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77401-5 |
Table of Contents:
- Occurrence and importance of ether lipids in brain
- Introduction
- Classification of ether lipids found in brain
- Physicochemical properties of ether lipids
- Fecapentaenes, the novel plasmalogens
- Other ether lipid found in mammalian tissues
- Lipid metabolism in ether lipid-deficient mice
- Conclusion
- Biosynthesis of plasmalogens in brain
- General considerations and distribution of plasmalogens in brain
- Biosynthesis of plasmalogens
- Dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase
- Alkyl-dihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase
- Acyl/alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate reductase 2.2.4. Alkyl-GP acyltransferase
- Alkylacyl-GP phosphohydrolase
- CDP-ethanomamine: diacylglycerol ethanolaminephosphotransferase
- Plasmalogen synthesizing enzymes during brain development
- Topology and distribution of plasmalogen and plasmalogen synthesizing enzymes
- Plasmalogens in lipid rafts
- Plasmalogens in the nucleus
- Factors affecting plasmalogen biosynthesis in brain
- Conclusion
- Catabolism of plasmalogens in brain
- Introduction
- Plasmalogen-selective phospholipase A2
- Receptor-mediated degradation of plasmalogens
- Regulation of PlsEtn-PLA2
- Turnover of Plasmalogen in brain
- Remodeling of plasmalogens (Reacylation/deacylation reactions)
- Degradation of plasmalogens by phospholipase C
- Non-enzymic oxidation of plasmalogens in brain
- Plasmalogen-derived lipid mediators and their importance in brain
- Lysoplasmalogens in brain
- Conclusion
- Assay and purification of plasmalogen-selective phospholipase A2 and lysoplasmalogenase activities
- Introduction
- Determination of PlsEtn and PlsCho-PLA2 by radiochemical procedures
- Preparation of radiolabled [3H] plasmenylcholine (choline plasmalogen)
- Labeling of lysoplasmenylcholine at the sn-2 position
- Determination of PlsCho-PLA2 activity
- Determination of PlsEtn-PLA2 by fluorometric assay
- Purification of ethanolamine plasmalogen
- Labeling of ethanolamine plasmalogen with pyrenesulfonyl chloride
- Determination of PlsEtn-PLA2 activity with pyrene-labeled plasmalogen
- Continuous spectrophotometric determination of PlsEtn-PLA2
- Determination of lysoplasmalogenase
- Continuous spectrophotometric procedure for lysoplasmalogenase
- Continuous spectrofluorometric procedure for lysoplasmalogenase
- Activities of plasmalogen-selective PLA2 in brains of various animal species and cultured cells of neuronal and glial origin
- Determination of lysoplasmalogenase activity in rat liver and brain microsomes
- Purification of plasmalogen-selective PLA2 from brain
- Purification of lysoplasmalogenase from liver
- Conclusion
- Roles of plasmalogens in brain
- Introduction
- Roles of plasmalogens in brain
- Plasmalogens as neural membrane components
- Plasmalogens as a storage depot for second messengers
- Plasmalogens in regulation of enzymic activities
- Plasmalogens in membrane fusion
- Plasmalogens in ion transport
- Plasmalogens in high density lipoprotein
- Plasmalogen, cholesterol oxidation, efflux and atherosclerosis
- Plasmalogens and their antioxidant activity
- Plasmalogen and generation of long-chain aldehydes
- Plasmalogen in differentiation
- Plasmalogens in ocular development
- Plasmalogens as precursors for PAF
- Conclusion
- Involvement of plasmalogens in neurological disorders
- Introduction
- Plasmalogens in neurological disorders
- Plasmalogens in ischemic injury
- Plasmalogens in Alzheimer disease
- Plasmalogens in spinal cord injury
- Plasmalogens in peroxisomal disorders
- Plasmalogens in Sjogren-Larsson syndrome
- Plasmalogens in malnutrition
- Plasmalogens in fetal alcohol syndrome
- Plasmalogens in diabetic heart
- Plasmalogens in other neurological disorders
- Plasmalogens in uraemic patients
- Plasmalogens in myelin-deficient mutant mice
- Conclusion
- Synthesis of platelet activating factor in brain
- Introduction
- Biosynthesis of platelet activating factor
- Remodeling pathway
- Cytosolic phospholipase A2
- Acetyl CoA: lyso-PAF acetyltransferase
- CoA-independent transacetylase
- De novo synthesis of PAF
- 1-Alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphate: acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase
- 1-Alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate phosphohydrolase
- 1-Alkyl-2-acetyl sn- glycerol: CDP-choline phosphotransferase
- Oxidative fragmentation pathway for PAF synthesis
- Regulation of PAF synthesis
- Conclusion
- Degradation of platelet activating factor in brain
- Introduction
- PAF acetyl hydrolases in brain and plasma
- Purification and properties of PAF acetyl hydrolases
- Type I PAF acetyl hydrolase in mammalian tissues
- Type II PAF acetyl hydrolase in mammalian tissues
- PAF-acetyl hydrolases in mammalian plasma
- Other PAF acetyl hydrolases
- Regulation and role of PAF acetyl hydrolases in brain
- PAF hydrolyzing phospholipase C
- Other PAF hydrolyzing lipases
- Conclusion
- Roles of platelet activating factor in brain
- Introduction
- PAF receptors in brain
- Translocation of PAF from synthetic site to cell surface receptors
- PAF-receptor-mediated signal transduction
- Roles of platelet activating factor in brain
- PAF in gene expression
- PAF in neural cell migration
- PAF in long-term potentiation
- PAF in glutamate-mediated neurotoxicity
- PAF and calcium influx
- PAF in neuroinflammation
- PAF in cerebral blood flow and blood brain barrier permeability
- PAF in apoptosis
- PAF in nociception
- PAF in immune response
- Conclusion
- Involvement of platelet activating factor in neurological disorders
- Introduction
- Involvement of platelet-activating factor in neurological disorders
- PAF in ischemia
- PAF in traumatic brain and spinal cord injury
- PAF in meningitis
- PAF in HIV infection
- PAF in prion diseases
- PAF in multiple sclerosis
- PAF in Miller-Dieker lissencephaly
- PAF in migraine attacks
- PAF in kainic acid-mediated neurodegeneration
- Involvement of PAF in non-neural injuries
- Consequences of altered PAF acetyl hydrolase in cardiovascular system
- Molecular mechanism of PAF-mediated neural injury
- Clinical application of PAF antagonists for the treatment of neurological disorders
- Conclusion
- Biochemical effects of non-physiological antitumor ether lipids
- Introduction
- Effect of AEL on enzymes involved in signal transduction
- Effects of AEL on phospholipases A2, C., and D
- Effects of AEL on protein and lipid kinases
- Effect of AEL on cellular receptors
- Other effects of AEL on cellular metabolism
- Molecular mechanism and site of action of AEL
- Conclusion
- Perspective and directions for future development on ether lipids
- Introduction
- Interactions among glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, and cholesterol-derived lipid mediators
- Interactions between ether lipid and sphingolipid-derived lipid mediators
- Interactions between sphingolipid and cholesterol-derived lipid mediators
- Use of lipidomics, proteomics, and genomics for characterization of enzymes, lipid mediators, and signal transduction process in normal and diseased brain tissues
- Use of RNAi for the treatment of ether lipid-related neurodegenerative diseases
- Conclusion.